Abstract: Objective To assess the effects of Mini-CEX (mini-clinical evaluation exercise) in cardiological residents training. Methods The Mini-CEX assessment was carried out in 45 residents, before and after their training in the cardiology department in Xuanwu Hospital. Results The scores after intensive and personalized training were significant higher than before(P ＜ 0.01). Excellent rates of residents had been significantly improved (P ＜ 0.01) in several aspects.Conclusion Mini-CEX is a simple reliable tool for teaching and evaluating performance of residents for clinical performance improvement.